Ni nani na ni misingi gani ya utashi iliyojijenga kwenye akili za Julius Kambarage wa Nyerere kutuletea Ujamaa na Kujitegemea na hata Azimio la Arusha?
Wengi tunadhania kuwa ni safari yake ya China 1966. Wengine wanadai ni wale ma-Labor na Socialist wa Uingereza.
Tunajua kuwa tumeangalia sana Ujamaa wetu na Azimio kwa mkao wa Great Leap Forward na Cultural Revolution za China ya Mao na Leninism/Stalinism ya Command Economy, New Economic Policy, Collective farming, na hata matunda ya Bolshevik revolution na sera kama Prodrazvyorstka!
Tukija huku kwetu Afrika tunadai kuna Ujamaa wa Kiafrika, Pan Africanism na mengine mengi.
Lakini bado nafikiri ni kitendawili kwetu kuwa ni ushawishi gani na kwa maono gani Nyerere alikaa chini na kutuletea Ujamaa na Kujitegemea na Azimio la Arusha?
Nikirudia Historia na kuangalia kinachotokea Marekani kiuchumi mwaka huu na nyakati hizi, narudi kujiuliza, falsafa za kiuchumi na kujenga jamii za Marekani zilimkosha Mwalimu Nyerere hasa kuangalia Historia ya great depression?
Je FDR (Franklin Delano Roosevelt) na New Deal yake, Fransiscans/Jesuit philosophy na hata Keynesian Policies zilimbadilisha vipi huyu Mkulu wetu? Planned Economy za National Recovery Administration wakati wa Great Depression ya Marekani na hata Public Works ya Nazi German vilikuwa na nafasi gani?Je alichungulia Front Populaire ya Leon Blum wa Ufaransa na kudonoa mambo kadhaa?
Je kujinasua kwa Marekani baada ya Uhuru wake kutoka Uingereza na kujijenga kama taifa linalojitegemea na si kutegemea falme ya Uingereza na kiburi cha Kimarekani pia kilichangia kumjenga Nyerere kuwa na kiburi cha masikini jeuri?
Twajua Julius Nyerere alikuwa mwana historia mzuri hata ukiangalia na kumpima kutafsiri kwake kwa Julius Kaisari na Mfanyabiashara wa Venisi kazi za William Shakespear zinaonyesha ni influence gani ya fasihi, historia na falsafa alikuwa nayo.
Je Keynes alikuwa na infuence gani kwa Nyerere ambaye alisoma fasihi, historia , uchumi na falsafa alipokuwa Makerere na hata Edinburgh?
What about Wealth of nations, je Nyerere alifanya modification ya principles za Adam Smith akipewa baraka na Labor Party ya Uingereza chini ya ushawishi wa Mama Joy Wickens? Maana ukiangalia Azimio la Arusha, pamoja na kuuzwa kuwa linapiga vita Ubepari, in fact linaruhusu ubepari na mfumo wa Kibepari kwa kiasi fulani hasa linaposema kuwa Viongozi wasiwe na zaidi ya hisa katika makampuni mawili!
Je Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Ghandi na hata Yesu au Mtume Mohamed wali-play part gani kum-influence Nyerere?
Je alisoma sana Das Kapital na Communist Manifesto ya Karl Marx, akamchanganya Trosky na Friederich Engels?
Je sisi kama Taifa kwa kumfuata Kiongozi wetu tulikuwa ni majaribio (experiment) ambayo mataifa makubwa yalikaa kando kuangalia huyu mwanafalsafa na mwanamapinduzi wa Afrika akikoroga na kuunganisha mifumo ya kiuchumi ya Ubepari, Ukabaila, Ukomunisti na Ujamaa na kuunda Ujamaa wa Kiafrika ambao ulilenga kwenye kujitegema na hata kuzaa Azimio la Arusha kubana tabaka la viongozi na kuhamasisha umiliki wa mali kwa umma na si watu binafsi?
Tumeegemea sana kusema tumeunda Ujamaa wetu kutokana na ziara yake ya China na kuharibika kwa uhusiano wetu na Uingereza kulikotokea kipindi hicho hicho.
Je inawezekana kuwa kiwango kikubwa cha falsafa zake za Ujamaa na Azimio ni mgawanyiko sawa wa influence za magharibi wakati wa depression na mashariki wakati wa uprising na mapinduzi?
Here are 30 Albert Einstein quotes that will open your mind and make your day:
1. “Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited, whereas imagination embraces the entire world, stimulating progress, giving birth to evolution.”
2. “Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds. The mediocre mind is incapable of understanding the man who refuses to bow blindly to conventional prejudices and chooses instead to express his opinions courageously and honestly.”
3. “I, at any rate, am convinced that He (God) does not throw dice.”
4. “The important thing is not to stop questioning; curiosity has its own reason for existing.”
5. “Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.”
6. “Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I’m not sure about the universe.”
7. “Falling in love is not at all the most stupid thing that people do— but gravitation cannot be held responsible for it.”
8. “The most beautiful experience we can have is the mysterious. It is the fundamental emotion that stands at the cradle of true art and true science.”
9. “Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.”
10. “Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value”
11. “The secret to creativity is knowing how to hide your sources.”
12. “The difference between genius and stupidity is that genius has its limits.”
13. “Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.”
14. “Pure mathematics is, in its way, the poetry of logical ideas.”
15. “Nature shows us only the tail of the lion. But I do not doubt that the lion belongs to it even though he cannot at once reveal himself because of his enormous size.”
16. “Only a life lived for others is a life worthwhile.”
17. “It’s not that I’m so smart, it’s just that I stay with problems longer.”
18. “My religion consists of a humble admiration of the illimitable superior spirit who reveals himself in the slight details we are able to perceive with our frail and feeble mind.”
19. “Peace cannot be kept by force. It can only be achieved by understanding.”
20. “I never think of the future. It comes soon enough.”
21. “Do not worry about your difficulties in mathematics, I can assure you that mine are all greater”
22. “In order to form an immaculate member of a flock of sheep one must, above all, be a sheep.”
23. “The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it is comprehensible.”
24. “Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one.”
25. “Truth is what stands the test of experience.”
26. “Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving”
27. “Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.”
28. “Human knowledge and skills alone cannot lead humanity to a happy and dignified life. Humanity has every reason to place the proclaimers of high moral standards and values above the discoverers of objective truth.”
29. “Few people are capable of expressing with equanimity opinions which differ from the prejudices of their social environment. Most people are even incapable of forming such opinions.”
30. “Common sense is nothing more than a deposit of prejudices laid down by the mind before you reach eighteen
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Here are 30 Albert Einstein quotes that will open your mind and make your day:
Hakuna maoni:
Chapisha Maoni